Metal Wire Forms Custom

Problems need to know in production of battery spring

metalwireforms — Fri, 24 Sep 2021 07:51:45 +0000

The design of the battery spring must be safe, and the opening of the spring must be bent inward so as not to hurt your hands. Products are made to help customers solve problems, so safety comes first.

The electrical conductivity of the battery spring is better. The battery springs that are not strictly required can be made of carbon steel wire and then electroplated. And electroplating also needs to be plated with copper first and then with nickel. The salt spray test is required to be at least 5% for more than 24 hours. The product requires high conductivity, and the surface is plated with gold, silver, tin, etc. The spring material can also choose copper wire, of course, the elasticity of copper wire is not as good as that of carbon steel.

The structure of the spring should be reasonable, and the stability of the installation should be considered thoroughly. The center point of the spring contacting the battery should be aligned. The place where the spring touches the battery should not be too large. If it is too large, it is easy to connect the positive electrode and the negative electrode, causing a short circuit.

Attention should be paid to the packaging of battery springs after the production of battery springs. In order to facilitate production, the battery spring packaging of spring manufacturers must be convenient for production line production. Because the battery spring is mostly spiral, and there are many hooks. It is easy to interlock and be entangled and not easy to separate, which affects the production speed. Therefore, the construction uses a blister box for independent packaging or a small number of packaging.

Production technology process of vehicle torsion springs

metalwireforms — Fri, 24 Sep 2021 07:47:45 +0000

Requirements for upsetting at both ends.
It is recommended to use the free die forging method or the bar top upsetting method for the upsetting of both ends, in order to obtain continuous and uniform streamline fibers. The crystal grains of this streamlined fiber move along the axis of the torsion spring, and the flow of metal crystal fiber from the shaft to the spline teeth is not interrupted.

Surface processing requirements.
The surface should have enough machining allowance to ensure the final grinding amount. Turning and grinding generally use a master to ensure the accuracy of the arc (or taper), and no knife marks or grinding marks are allowed. For the minimum processing of various hot-rolled steels with different diameters, for mass-produced torsion springs, considering the surface processing costs, specific surface and quality requirements can be put forward for the blanks to reduce the processing volume. For torsion springs that do not process dry surfaces (such as torsion springs with non-circular cross-sections), restrictions on the degree of surface decarburization, surface defects, and surface dimensional tolerances should be put forward.

Requirements for heat treatment.
Heat treatment is the key process for manufacturing high-strength torsion springs. For 45CrNIMOVA material, the heat treatment hardness is increased to HRC52-58, and then the strong torsion can make the torsion spring achieve the best strong torsion effect and maximize the working stress of the torsion spring.

Requirements for surface strengthening treatment.
In order to increase the fatigue life of the torsion spring, the torsion spring should be mechanically strengthened. Generally, surface strengthening methods such as rolling and shot peening are used.

Surface protection requirements.
In order to prevent corrosion and damage to the mechanical surface, surface treatment (such as phosphating, paint treatment) and methods such as rubber tape, nylon cloth, and epoxy paint can be used to protect it.

Application and Various standards of Mold springs

metalwireforms — Fri, 24 Sep 2021 07:44:33 +0000

Mold springs are widely used in stamping molds, metal die-casting molds, plastic molds, and other elastic motion precision mechanical equipment, automobiles and other fields. The material of die spring is generally chrome alloy steel. Chrome alloy spring steel has the characteristics of high temperature resistance, high rigidity and long life.

Mold spring standards include: Japanese standard mold spring, European standard, German standard, American standard mold spring, polyurethane spring, usually mold spring refers to rectangular mold spring.
Rectangular mold spring has the characteristics of small size, good elasticity, high rigidity, high precision, rectangular production material, color spraying on the surface to distinguish different loads, and beautiful appearance.

The production standards of standardized mold springs are: ISO9001:2000, Japanese JIS, ISO10243, NAAMS (North American Automobile Metric Standard), and springs produced according to different standards are Japanese standard springs, American standard springs, European standard ISO10243, and German standard mold springs.

Metal spiral mold springs are widely used in molds, fixtures, industrial clutches, brake components and various mechanical components.
Classification of Japanese standard springs: DB brown mold springs for overweight load, green mold springs for heavy load DH, red mold springs for medium load DM, blue mold springs for light load DL, yellow mold springs for lighter load DF, etc.
International standard classification: SJL green mold spring, SJM blue mold spring, SJH red mold spring, SJB yellow mold spring, etc.

What are the methods to prolong spring service life

metalwireforms — Thu, 31 Dec 2020 13:10:43 +0000

Austempering of the spring.
For springs with smaller diameters or satisfactory hardenability, austempering can be used, which can not only reduce decentering, but also improve strong resistance. It is best to perform another tempering after austempering to increase the elastic limit. The tempering temperature is the same as the austempering temperature.
Deformation heat treatment.
Thermomechanical heat treatment is a combination of steel deformation strengthening and heat treatment strengthening to further improve the strength and resistance of steel. Thermomechanical heat treatment is divided into high temperature, medium temperature and low temperature. High temperature deformation heat treatment is quenched immediately after deformation in a stable austenite state, or can be combined with forging or hot rolling, that is, quenched immediately after hot forming.
The loose treatment of the spring.
If the spring is operated under external force for a long time, slight plastic deformation will occur due to the loosening of the stress. Especially for the spring operated at high temperature, the stress loosening phenomenon is more serious at high temperature, which reduces the accuracy of the spring. This is not the case for general fine springs. Allowed. Therefore, this type of spring should be loosened after quenching and tempering. Heat treatment process: pre-load the spring so that its deformation exceeds the deformation that may occur during operation of the spring. Then heat it at 20℃ higher than the operating temperature for 8~24h.
Shot peening.
Shot peening is one of the most widely used methods to improve the appearance of springs. Springs require high appearance quality. Surface defects such as scratches, folds, and oxidative decarburization tend to become local and fatigue fracture sources of stress concentration during spring operation. If fine steel shots are used to spray the surface of the spring at a high speed and perform shot peening, it will not only improve the appearance of the spring, but also increase the strength of the appearance and make the appearance in a state of compressive stress, thereby increasing the fatigue strength and service life of the spring.
Low temperature carbonitriding.
Regarding the coil spring, the combination of tempering and low-temperature carbonitriding (nitrocarburizing) technology can significantly improve the fatigue life and corrosion resistance of the spring.

How should users choose suitable spring materials

metalwireforms — Thu, 31 Dec 2020 13:10:43 +0000

The choice of spring material should be determined according to factors such as the nature of the spring’s load, the state of stress, the magnitude of the stress, the working temperature, the environmental medium, the service life, the requirements for conductive and magnetic properties, the process performance, the source of the material, and the price of the spring.
When determining the cross-sectional shape and size of the material, the series of dimensions stipulated by the international standards should be selected first, and materials with non-standard series specifications should be avoided as far as possible.
Medium and small springs, especially spiral tension springs, should be given priority to steel wires that have been strengthened, lead bath isothermal cold drawn steel wires and oil-quenched tempered steel wires.
How to choose the spring material correctly?
The carbon spring steel wire and piano wire produce a large residual stress after cold drawing. After the spring is processed, there is a large residual stress. After tempering, the size changes greatly, and it is difficult to control the dimensional accuracy. Oil-quenched and tempered steel wire is modulated and strengthened after the steel wire is drawn to the specified size. There is basically no residual stress. After the formed spring is tempered at low temperature, the size change is small, and the heat resistance stability is better than that of the cold-drawn reinforced steel wire.
Large and medium-sized springs, cold-drawn or cold-drawn polished steel should be used for high load accuracy and stress. For springs with lower load accuracy and stress, hot-rolled steel can be used.

The material cross-section of the coil spring should be a circular cross-section first. Square and rectangular cross-section materials have strong bearing capacity, good impact resistance, and can reduce the size of the spring. However, the material sources are few and the price is high. Except for special needs, generally try not to choose this material. In recent years, the development of flattened round steel wire instead of trapezoidal steel wire has achieved good results.
The spring material that works at high temperature requires good thermal stability, resistance to relaxation or creep, resistance to oxidation, and resistance to certain medium corrosion.
The spring material used at low temperature should have good low temperature toughness. Austenitic stainless steel spring steel wire such as carbon spring steel wire and piano wire, copper alloy and nickel alloy have good low-temperature toughness and strength.
At low temperatures, the brittleness of the material is very sensitive to surface defects. Therefore, the surface quality of the material should be strictly required.
At low temperatures, the environmental media will corrode the material much less than in the greenhouse, and cadmium and zinc plating can easily cause cold embrittlement.
At low temperatures, the elastic modulus and expansion coefficient of the material does not change much, so it can be ignored in the design.

What are the main applications of precision springs

metalwireforms — Thu, 31 Dec 2020 13:10:42 +0000

Supporting springs mainly for cars, motorcycles, diesel engines and gasoline engines.
Such springs include valve springs, suspension springs, damping springs and clutch springs, etc., which are used in large quantities, accounting for about 50% of the spring production. At the same time, the skill level requirements are also high. It can be said that the skill level of these springs is representative. They are mainly developed in the direction of high fatigue life and high resistance to relaxation, thereby reducing quality.
Large springs and leaf springs mainly for railway rolling stock, trucks and construction machinery.
These springs are mainly formed by hot coils, which is an important aspect of the spring manufacturing industry. With the development of high speed railways and the upgrading of vehicle damping systems, the technology of hot-formed springs as vehicle suspensions has greatly improved. This type of springs are mainly developed in the direction of high strength and high precision to stabilize product quality.
Electronic appliances based on instruments and meters.
Instrumentation-based electronic and electrical springs, typical products such as motor brush springs, switch springs, video cameras and camera springs, as well as computer accessories springs, instrumentation accessories springs, etc. In this type of spring, leaf springs and special shaped springs account for a larger proportion, and different products have different requirements for materials and skills. This type of spring is mainly developed in the direction of both high strength and miniaturization.
Hardware springs mainly for daily-use machinery and electrical appliances.
Such as mattresses, sofas, door hinges, toys, lighters, etc., these springs are in high demand, but the skill content is not high, which gives small spring companies improved opportunities for development. These springs are primarily developed in the direction of miniaturization.
Design needs of various accessories.
A series of high-level intelligent contact small household appliances such as battery stove, convection oven, electric baking pan, range hood, water heater, disinfection cabinet, fan heater, vegetable washing machine, electric oven, electronic wine cabinet, water dispenser and so on.

What are the functions of various elements in spring

metalwireforms — Thu, 31 Dec 2020 12:54:42 +0000

We know that stainless steel hardware springs are more beautiful in appearance and corrosion resistant than ordinary springs. However, the main difference between stainless steel hardware springs and ordinary springs in terms of elasticity depends on the material composition of the spring. This also determines the price difference of stainless steel hardware springs.
The different elements added in the stainless steel hardware spring or the different element content in the material will affect the various properties of the stainless steel hardware spring. Stainless steel spring is based on iron, adding other elements, such as: carbon, chromium, nickel, manganese, nitrogen, copper, cobalt, etc., thereby increasing the steel, elasticity, high temperature resistance and other characteristics of stainless steel.

The use of “chromium” in stainless steel hardware springs is very important. (Each type of stainless steel will add different content of chromium elements). We all know that stainless steel is corrosion-resistant and not easy to be oxidized. This is how chromium plays a role in stainless steel springs. The effect is achieved, because it can passivate the iron, so as to achieve the effect of anti-corrosion.
The role of “carbon” in stainless steel springs is mainly to improve the strength and rigidity of stainless steel springs. However, in the use of carbon, the application of chromium must be considered, because carbon and chromium easily form chromium carbide, which affects the role of chromium in the stainless steel spring and reduces the corrosion resistance of the spring.
The role of “manganese” in stainless steel springs is mainly to improve stability. It can reduce the critical quenching speed of stainless steel and achieve the high temperature resistance of stainless steel springs.
The application of various elements in stainless steel springs has different effects. At the same time, when adding each element, the chemical reaction between the elements must also be considered in order to effectively improve the performance of the stainless steel spring.
Xinsheng Spring customized production service can produce products of different specifications and shapes according to the needs of customers and the market.